Monday, May 25, 2020

To Begin The Discussion Of Organizational Culture It Is

To begin the discussion of organizational culture it is critical that we first define what it is that we will seek to examine. As noted in the readings, many definitions exist, however for the scope of this paper I will take the lead of Kuh and Whitt. Defining organizational culture as the â€Å"collective, mutually shaping patterns of norms, values, practices, beliefs, and assumptions that guide the behavior of individuals and groups in an institute of higher education and provide a frame of reference within which to interpret the meaning of events and actions on and off campus (Kuh and Whitt, 1998). Symbols and rituals are the more visual elements that are observed concerning organizational culture. Many of these can be viewed both†¦show more content†¦This is an extremely competitive field and hundreds of applications are received each term. Students are culled from this roster based on success and engagement with the community as well as performance on standardize d tests meant to predict success. Once accepted, nursing students are expected to maintain a very strict regimen to insure further solidify their ability to successfully endure the arduous nature of the program. Students are required to where the nursing scrubs while attending class, and strongly encouraged to not attempt to maintain a job while enrolled. Upon completion of the program a special ritual of pinning is conducted during a private ceremony separate from the official college graduation. The area of Basic Law Enforcement Training also embraces its own symbols and rituals to establish its organizational control within its program area. Students are subjected to the requirement of a detailed background check and the necessity to be sponsored by a law enforcement agency in order to attend the program. Before arriving for their first day of class students are assigned uniforms that will be required for the duration of the training. In addition, students are issued â€Å"duty gear† and a red training gun that will also be worn each day. These function both as symbol and ritual for the career that these students have chosen. The uniform is a symbol of unity, just as with the agencies that have sponsored them, theyShow MoreRelatedMarks Spencer: Organizational Change Using Kotters 8-Step Approach1636 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Organizational Change Using Kotters 8-Step Approach Introduction This study will examine Marks Spencer, a retailer in the United Kingdom and will utilize the 8-Step approach of Kotter in addressing organizational change. Marks Spencer has more than 375 stores and 11 million shoppers each week and employs 66,000 workers. The company is one of High Streets best known companies however, Marks Spencer, for a long time unchallenged, has undergone a chain of management and corporate structureRead MoreCultural Assessment Tools And Organizational Culture843 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Corporate culture is an intricate component of an organizations identity. Fortune 500 corporations have used corporate culture as a trademark. Best Buy, a leading electronics corporation, leverages its brand by promoting the â€Å"Geek Squad.† Walmart Corporation requires all associates to dress in dark blue shirts and beige slacks. This document will discuss cultural assessment tools used in assessing organizational culture and gaps within formal groups, leadership styles and techniquesRead MoreThe Implementation Of Adaptive Leadership Essay1129 Words   |  5 Pagesrequiring action that all leaders must focus on to mobilize a system of change. Section 3 is comprised of five chapters: 1. Make Interpretations (2), Design Effective Interventions (3), Act Politically (4), Orchestrate Conflict (5) and Build an Adaptive Culture (6). MAKE INTERPRETATIONS In Chapter Eight the authors confer that there are several precepts that every organization and its leadership must adhere to and practice in order to effectively move their organization forward towards improvement andRead MoreEvidence Based Management Hr776 Words   |  4 Pagesexplicitly use the current, best evidence in  management  decision-making. Its roots are in  evidence-based medicine, a quality movement to apply the scientific method to medical practice. Evidence-based management entails managerial decisions and organizational practices informed by the best available scientific evidence. Like its counterparts in medicine (e.g., Sackett, et al., 2000) and  education  (e.g., Thomas amp; Pring, 2004), the judgments EBMgt entails also consider the circumstances and ethicalRead MoreThe Roles Of The Nurse Leaders960 Words   |  4 PagesTherefore in this week’s discussion, I will explain how the nurse leaders play an important role in promoting Evidenced based practice. I will also discuss strategies that can be utilize when there is a change that occurs due to the implementation of evidenced based practice. I will then describe powers behind an ever-changing healthcare culture, as well as current issues and trends that are occurring. I will then compare and contrast work group cultures to other organizational cultures. Role of the NurseRead MoreGeneral Strategic And Cultural Change At Chrysler Group1582 Words   |  7 Pagesassociated with Chrysler s culture. Explain Student Answer: According to the text, there are three layers of organizational culture: observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic assumptions (Kreitner Kinicki, 2013, p.63). Observable artifacts are the physical manifestation of an organization’s culture (p.63). Chrysler’s primary observable artifact was manager Fong making sales by doubling rebates (p. 86). Chrysler doubled rebates as part of their company’s culture. Chrysler was not profitingRead MoreOrganizational Culture Analysis : The Rosetta Stone 1065 Words   |  5 PagesBus610 – Organizational Behavior Unit 1 - Organizational Culture Analysis Dr. Charles Nichols Shannon Robertson January 26, 2015â€Æ' Archaeologists live for curios. As they uncover these sections of the past, a shred of fabric, a silver pot, a disintegrating divider, an ancient keeping in touch while they gradually start, piece by piece, to construct their understanding of a culture long gone. These curios are keys to the past. Without them, we know little or nothing whatsoever of the individualsRead MoreHow Does Leadership Impact The Success Of A Company?1181 Words   |  5 Pagespunishment and reward systems (Greenleaf, 1977). Successful Leadership Tactics. Successful organizational performances are founded on conduct from the top down. Leadership should be seen as a growing process, beginning with business owners who understand the importance of their direct impact on providing leadership throughout their organization. As author of Importance of responsive leadership in organizational development published in Organization Development Journal; R. J. Darling wrote: â€Å"One promisingRead MoreHow Spiritual Leadership Behaviors Support Cultural Intelligence1449 Words   |  6 Pagesemployed to build an effective multicultural workforce, including specific cross-cultural leaderships skills needed and how to gain these skills, along with a discussion on strategies to overcome gender inequality and insensitivity without compromising the leader’s own cultural values. Building an effective culturally diverse workforce Organizational leaders are recognizing the need to expedite cross-cultural training to accommodate the increasing cultural diversity; however it is important for theseRead MoreAssessing Organizational Culture - Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesAssessing Organizational Culture 1 Running head: ASSESSING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE Assessing Organizational Culture BADM 6123, Master in Business Administration – Health Care Southern Nazarene University Dr. Liesa Persaud Rick Lawrence March 31, 2012 Assessing Organizational Culture 2

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Pros And Cons Of Wireless Connections - 1846 Words

Our society is becoming more and more reliant on wireless connections. The ability for both employees and consumers to connect wirelessly is a must in this day and age for businesses. Because of this, strict security policies must be put in place in order to keep the business and its data secure. This paper will discuss the pros and cons of wireless connections, the need for authentication and six top threats that companies should be aware of and how to prevent them. It seems that everything is wireless nowadays. Nobody wants cords to drag them down and keep them in a specific location anymore and it’s easy to see why. Convenience, simple as that. No need to carry those pesky Ethernet cable around anymore or be confined to a single area to connect to the network. Even though wireless has become more and more popular, there is still the need for large businesses to take a look at the pros and cons. From a business point of view, some of the best pros of a wireless network according to American EHR are the ease of installation, mobility and cost. Setting up a wireless connection is relatively simple and takes much less time than a wired network. The ease of mobility is a plus as well. Employees can bring their laptops to the conference room and access the network without the need of wires. A big benefit is the low cost of wireless and that will often times make any CEO’s ears perk if they hear the phrase ‘save money.’ The se are just a few of the positives of a wirelessShow MoreRelatedIntegrating Instructional Technology Essay1226 Words   |  5 Pagesanxieties that a child may have in terms of standing in front of the class, because it allows them to interact or participate within the comforts of their own desk. Plus it’s fun, and who doesn’t like having fun, even if it’s in school. Pros and Cons According to Huff Post Education, part of the Huffington Post internet newspaper that caters to the world of education, companies such Google, Verizon and Microsoft are pouring in million upon millions of dollars to provide schools with the latestRead MoreBusiness Consulting Essay713 Words   |  3 Pageswhich stand for Wireless Local Area Network. LAN (Local Area Network): This kind of networks type is used primarily in small areas such as small size companies, hospitals and schools. It is an old types of network using TCP/IP as the method of communication between computers in local area networking. Because of its small size, it is possible for one person to administrate a local area network. It requires cable connection between the computes and network router or switch. WLAN (Wireless Area Network):Read MoreWireless Technologies Proposal994 Words   |  4 PagesWireless Technologies Proposal Angeline Moore University of Phoenix Introduction to Computer Application and Systems BIS/220 Veronica Wade January 23, 2013 Wireless Technologies Proposal In an ever-evolving technological world, Party Plates want to create a business where Party Plates sales and marketing team can network consistently with our clients in a team effort as well as to initiate items and inventory to increase local and regional communication to achieve corporate goalsRead MoreWifi in Corporate Environments953 Words   |  4 Pagesbusiness is now reliant on the connectivity of their business to their local area, as well as, the global market place. Wireless connectivity (Wi-Fi) in the corporate environment is making this possible and beyond possible as it improves. In this paper we will see some pro’s and con’s of wireless connectivity in the corporate environment. Corporations are looking to go wireless for many different reasons. These range from having less wire to having office resources available in the office and inRead MoreWireless Technology Proposal Essay724 Words   |  3 PagesWireless Technology Proposal BIS/220 November 28, 2012 Wireless Technology Proposal The purpose of this proposal is to identify two wireless technologies, which would be as a marketing tool and beneficial to implement in the Party Plates organization in order to advance business objective. This proposal will also incorporate a rationalization for the conclusion to implement the aforementioned wireless technologies and identify the risks of usingRead MoreUnit 1 Lab 1 Physical Networking1074 Words   |  5 PagesUnit 1 Lab 1 Data on Fixed Line vs. Cellular Debate June 16, 2014 Debate the Pros and Cons to having a purely cellular network vs. having a purely fixed line network Pro s: Cost: Most wireline phone companies charge more than what you d pay for most alternatives, and some are taxed more as well. There are some locations where getting new wired phoneservice is prohibitively expensive or even impossible. Long Distance and extra features like Call Waiting are normally included with alternativeRead MoreCopper Cable versus Fiber Optics661 Words   |  3 Pagesdo our presentation on is fiber optics versus cable, which is better for a company use and what are the future prospects of fiber optics and cable. We also talked about the history of DSL, broadband, fiber optics, and dial-up. There are both pros and cons with fiber optics and copper cable. The main point for our research is which would companies choose. During our research there was many obstacles because it was hard to say why companies would choose fiber optics or copper cable because it variesRead MoreThe Advantage of VPN Security and Design735 Words   |  3 Pagesabsence of variables for differ ent types of communications over the VPN and the opportunity to communicate securely at low cost in other parts of the world. In fact, VPNs provide reduced operational costs when compared to the traditional WAN and lower connection costs for remote users. Additionally, VPNs fixed communications costs help give businesses a better understanding of their operational expenses. A VPN can also provide low-cost global-networking opportunities. For example, a company has two branchRead MoreAcademic Preparation of Each Student 1957 Words   |  8 Pages(Kyrikakis, 2010) Section Three: Integrating Instructional Technology There are many advantages and disadvantages to having technology in the classroom. There also two types of connections that is wired and wireless connections. As we go through this paper we will learn the many differences will educate you on the various pros and cons for having technology in classrooms to day. The advantages of having technology in the classroom are that students can be more interactive with the lessons, and assignmentRead MoreWired and Wireless Networks1022 Words   |  5 PagesWired and Wireless, What’s the Difference? The main difference between a wired and wireless data communication infrastructure is the existence of physical cabling. The same or similar techniques are employed for both types of data communication infrastructure in terms of the core elements of essential network services. The basic difference between a wired and a wireless network is self-explanatory. A wired network uses wires to communicate whereas a wireless network uses radio waves. Another difference

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Literature as Resistance in the Anti-Slavery Movement Essay

Different Voices, One Message: Literature as Resistance in the Anti-Slavery Movement The pen is mightier than the sword The struggle for emancipation was not one which began and ended with the Civil War. African Americans during the period of slavery had very few options left to them regarding their own freedom. The law that held them in slavery could not be trusted to emancipate them. For those who were fortunate enough to have obtained their freedom, the only power they had they had in the abolitionist fight was the power of the written word. African American writers used varying writing styles to carry their message across. Some used pious and moral instruction, others used political exhortation and social prophecy, but all†¦show more content†¦She writes, I can testify from my own experience and observation, that slavery is a curse to the whites as well as to the blacks. It makes the white fathers cruel and sensual; the sons violent and licentious; it contaminates the daughters, and makes the wives wretched. And as for the colored race, it needs an abler pen than mine to describe the extr emity of their sufferings, the depth of their degradation. (54)She shows this by describing how she was a victim of Dr. Flints sexual harassment and the measures she had to take out of desperation. She shows how Dr. Flints wife was embittered by knowing that her husband was a philanderer, though there was nothing she could do to prevent him. Jacobs also writes that this is a recurring phenomenon because sons learn from seeing their fathers actions, that abusing their female slaves is an acceptable norm. She also writes that the sanctity of marriage, a God-governed institution, is desecrated because of the adultery that slaveholders commit. As female slaves lives are ruined by slavery, so too are the slaveholders wives. Jacobs writes of slaveholders wives, the poor girls have romantic notions of a sunny clime, and of the flowering vines that all the year round shade a happy home. To what disappointments are they destined! The young wife soon learns that the husband in whose hands she has placed her happiness paysShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Hobomok : A Tale Of Early Times1136 Words   |  5 Pagesown drive and interest was how she gained her education. Her brother Convers, a Unitarian minister, helped to mentor and teach Lydia. Convers was extremely successful, teaching theology at Harvard and participating in the American Transcendentalist movement. In 1821, Lydia wrote the first chapter of her novel, Hobomok: A Tale of Early Times. Her first novel was set in Salem in the 1620’s but the taste of writing quickly caused Lydia to write The Juvenile Miscellany, which was a children’s periodicalRead MoreEssay on The Political Principles of Thoreau807 Words   |  4 Pagesnot fully recognized until the twentieth century. Ironically, Civil Disobedience, the anti-war, anti-slavery essay for which he is probably best known, has become a manual for social protest by giving support to the passive resistance of Mohandas Gandhi, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and other conscientious objectors (Paul 233). Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience was mainly a protest against slavery: I cannot for an instant recognize the political organization as my government which isRead MoreThe American Abolitionists Book Review Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesAbolitionists is a book that scrutinizes the movement of abolishing slavery in the United States. It examines the movement from its origin in the 18century in the course of the Civil War and the elimination of slavery in 1856. American Abolitionists book focuses on the American Abolitionists who struggled to end slavery and advocated for equal rights for all African Americans in the United States. Harrold mainly focuses his book on the abolitionist movement and the effect of slaves on its expansionRead MoreThe Impact Of Migration On African American History913 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States. African Americans participated in migration just as much as whites did and have been migrating all throughout the United States since the fir st African slave ship made its way to Jamestown in 1619. Florette Henri’s Black Migration: Movement North, 1900-1920 (1975) focuses on the beginning of the large-scale relocation of black people from the South to the North and West. The book’s overall theme is, as Henri states in the preface, that black Americans in the early decades of the centuryRead MoreBlack Leaders of 20th Century1293 Words   |  6 PagesTimothy Thomas Fortune was an influential black journalist that fought for the rights of African Americans through literal resistance. The Lonely Warrior, Ida B. Wells was an outspoken voice against lynching throughout America and fought against the oppression of men and woman everywhere. Booker T. Washington was one of the last great African American leaders born into slavery. Washington emphasized political means and civil rights along with economic means and self-determination. Washington wasRead More Rights of Leadership: The Propaganda of Race and Class During the Abolitionist Movement2194 Words   |  9 PagesRights of Leadership: The Propaganda of Race and Class During the Abolitionist Movement Henry Highland Garnet and William Lloyd Garrison were two of the most instrumental leaders of the Abolitionist Movement. Their social backgrounds and experiences were responsible for contrasting the two leaders and influenced their approaches, beliefs and solutions to the abolishment of slavery. Their opinions and approaches were voiced in terms of the role of the political process, the role of moral persuasionRead MoreThe Diverse Forms Of Slave Resistance And Rebellion3083 Words   |  13 Pages The main purpose of this research is to enumerate the diverse forms of slave resistance and rebellion, also with those specific methods of each of it .Slavery society was a unique society existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries, a dark period full of exploitation, rudeness and oppression. By analyzing, comparing and concluding both of the efficiency and affluence of various anti-slavery attempts carried out by the enslaved. The ambition, perseverance as well as theRead More Black Leaders Of 20th Century Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesFortune was an influential black journalist that fought for the rights of African Americans through literal resistance. The Lonely Warrior, Ida B. Wells was an outspoken voice against lynching throughout America and fought against the oppression of men and woman everywhere. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Booker T. Washington was one of the last great African American leaders born into slavery. Washington emphasized political means and civil rights along with economic means and self-determination. WashingtonRead MoreThe Resistance Of Civil Government1556 Words   |  7 Pagesginally titled Resistance to Civil Government, has had a wide influence on many later practitioners of civil disobedience. The driving idea behind the essay is that citizens are morally responsible for their support of aggressors, even when such support is required by law. In the essay, Thoreau explained his reasons for having refused to pay taxes as an act of protest against slavery and against the Mexican–American War. He writes, If I devote myself to other pursuits and contemplations, I mustRead MoreJames Oliver Horton And Lois E. Horton Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pagesnarrative of Northern free blacks. James Oliver Horton and Lois E. Horton deliver to readers a detailed synthesis of several decades of information that pertains to early American history. The text ventures through social, political, and cultural movements that were occurring before the Civil War era. The Hortons not only demonstrate the importance of black’s presence throughout the text but some of the contribution and the roles that led to such a vibrant culture in America. It s through the analysis

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Corpulence in Children

Question: Discuss about theCorpulence in Children. Answer: Critical Thinking and Reading Puberty is a transitional stage in the human life cycle where children develop to adulthood. During this stage, children develop secondary sexual characteristics that usher them into the adult stage. They include, growing breasts, enlarged hips, menstrual cycles and pubic hair in private parts among the girls. The boys, on the other hand, experience, developed chests, pubic hair growing on their individual parts and they break their voice in addition to building masculinity. There is, however, a growing epidemic, which is associated with Obesity plus some other disorders that are experienced worldwide. Many of the physiological, behavioural and genetic factors are concomitant in the etiologic of obesity. Exercise, supplementation and a balanced diet play a crucial role in treatment and prevention of obesity. The three physiological results that correlate with the early aging process associated with obese children's bodies and their accomplished disorders are; - heart diseases, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension (Summerbell 2005). There is a layer of fats that embeds the liver tissue making it unable to release the much needed and purposeful enzymes into the blood stream and ultimately leads to cirrhosis among the obese people. When the expenditure of energy by the body is not equal to the body's energy intake, obesity sets in. it tends to shorten the life expectancy of children at birth since they might even experience a stroke or cancer-related illness at some point in their lives. Obese children have a tendency of growing very first into adulthood since their chromosomes replicate very fast, making a ten-year-old teen experience the puberty stage at that tender age making them physically adults. Communication Skills Various programs have been established in a move to address the obese issue in children. These include medical interventions, obesity and overweight prevention interventions and school-based interventions. Among the three programs, the prevention intervention of obesity and overweight is the most convenient of all. As the saying goes, prevention is better than cure' Obesity comes as a result of being overweight and has severe social, economic and health constraints. A strain on the healthcare structure is usually experienced from an economic point of view. Individuals with overweight related cases have bills of up to 30% in medical costs according to a recent review on the burdens of obesity. Some secondary health-related outcomes have negatively impacted on childhood obesity. Children that are obese have high chances of contracting the cardiovascular disease usually orchestrated by an increased cholesterol and blood pressure levels. An issue of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as a result of obesity in children brings about the type 2 of the diabetes mellitus disease. Moreover, emotional outcomes as a result of stigmatization and depression, low body-esteem and low self-esteem in addition to adverse physiology necessitate the need to highlight prevention strategies. Many determinants shape the Obesity syndicate. Motivations in the initial year of their lifespan, genetic variants, household dietary nutrition environment, maternal behaviours are just but a few of these determinants (Chinn and Rina 2001). The environment also has a hand in enhancing obesity. Factors that might hinder the practice of physical activities such as snow and catastrophes like earthquakes force teens to stay indoors and have no time for exercise and the accessibility of h ealthy food becomes a problem. Child obesity prevention interventions should be aimed at modifying target determinants to obesity and set a clear goal strategy that will work towards the accomplishment and solve of the worldwide epidemic. Visual Communication and Empirical Quantitative Skills According to the visual data that has been presented in the article, it is apparent that indeed obesity is a life-threatening illness. Obesity has increased by double standards among children between 3 to 18 years of age from the year 1980. It is also apparent that it affects almost every part of the body. The brain, for instance, is affected in such a way that obese children become depressed, they develop low self-esteem apart from them viewing their body images negatively. They also develop breathing difficulties as their throats are filled with excess tissue that constrains airways causing the sleep apnea disorder (where breathing periodically stops). The skin is another body organ that is affected by obesity; the armpits and the neck regions experience patches that are dark and velvety, a sign of cancer. The heart is the central organ in coordinating body functioning; it can be affected by obesity when coronary artery walls are thickened by fats due to cholesterol build-up, a condition that restricts the flow of blood and ultimately causes stroke and sometimes hearts malfunctions. The pancreases function by using insulin to standardize the blood sugar quantity. Category 2 of diabetes sets inside ones body when excessive fats impair this ability. The kidneys are affected by hypertension and sustained hypertension causing the renal failure disease. The liver becomes enlarged due to constant fatty accumulations and sometimes cirrhosis sets in as a result of amassed fats (Guillaume 1996). Obesity has reached epidemic proportions among children. Parents have a responsibility of ensuring that the diet of their children is monitored and is junk free, they should regularly be involved in conducting regular exercises either indoors or outdoors to enable teens to shed off the excess fat (Lobstein 2004). The activities could include rope jumping, jogging, weightlifting and aerobics among others. Parents also have a primary role in encouraging, implementing and enforcing rules by ensuring that they enlighten their teens on the dangers of obesity and the benefits of healthy living through strictly following a food diary. This can be done in family gatherings, health expos, and outings. The government's role in curbing obese related cases lies with them implementing laws that regulate the amount of chemicals and ingredients that food manufacturing companies included in the food during processing. The chemicals might be toxic or react negatively when consumed leading to cases of weight surging. Excess cholesterol should be regulated in cooking oil as a way of curbing its effects to the body. Chemicals and preservatives used in food ought to be regulated and ensure they meet the set health standards. Obesity in children is a health crisis, but it is equally avoidable, only if we all check on our menus and regulate what we take in addition to exercising regularly for healthy living (Summerbell 2005). References Ashwell, M. and Hsieh, S.D., 2005. Six reasons why the waist-to-height ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesity. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 56(5), pp.303-307. Chinn, S. and Rona, R.J., 2001. Prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity in three cross sectional studies of British children, 1974-94. Bmj, 322(7277), pp.24-26. Guillaume, M. and Bjrntorp, P., 1996. Obesity in children. Hormone and metabolic research, 28(11), pp.573-581. Lobstein, T., Baur, L. and Uauy, R., 2004. Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. Obesity reviews, 5(s1), pp.4-85. Maffeis, C., 2000. Aetiology of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. European journal of pediatrics, 159(1), pp.S35-S44. Olds T., Maher C., Zumin S., Peneau S., Lioret S., Castetbon K., Bellisle, de Wilde J., Hohepa M., Maddison R., et al. Evidence that the prevalence of childhood overweight is plateauing: Data from nine countries. Int. J. Pediatr. Obes. 2011;6:342260. doi: 10.3109/17477166.2011.605895. Oude Luttikhuis, H., Baur, L., Jansen, H., Shrewsbury, V.A., O'Malley, C., Stolk, R.P. and Summerbell, C.D., 2009. Interventions for treating obesity in children. The Cochrane Library. Summerbell, C.D., Waters, E., Edmunds, L.D., Kelly, S., Brown, T. and Campbell, K.J., 2005. Interventions for preventing obesity in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 3(3).